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Quantum Crops works within the Quantum Mechanical view of Light as particle and wave.

The article below, reflects understanding before Quantum Phyisical characterization was made its what we call The CLASSICAL VIEW. For an introduction to Quantum Physics please view the program at the link http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/physics/fabric-of-cosmos.html#fabric-quantum

Understanding how Quantum Crops leverages Quantum Mechanics to redefine Photosynthesis, into Photon-Synthesis.

Wherein This NOVA Program can be your base line for understanding how Quantum Crops leverages Quantum mechanics to redefine photosythesis, into Photon – Synthesis.

As a highly educated scientist of a century ago, Samuel Pierpont Langley was a good writer. He wrote about the astronomy of his time, about his measurements of solar energy and stellar energy, and about his experiments with airplanes. Although his style may strike us a “Victorian”, many of the things he thought about are still relevant to us today. This page provides some excerpts from a book about The New Astronomy of his day, when no one understood how the Sun got its energy or how hot its surface was, or even what it was made of.

Excerpts from: Langley, Samuel Pierpont, 1889: The New Astronomy, Houghton, Miffline & Company, Boston & New York, pp. 71-78.

Radiant Energy Excerpts

From Langley’s The New Astronomy

Radiant Energy and Other Kinds of Energy

“Did the reader ever consider that next to the mystery of gravitation, which draws all things on the earth’s surface down, comes that mystery – not seen to be one because so familiar – of the occult force in the sunbeams which lifts things up? The incomprehensible energy of the sunbeam brought the carbon out of the air, put it together in the weed or the plant, and lifted each tree-trunk above the soil. The soil did not lift it, any more than the soil in Broadway lifted the spire of Trinity. Men brought stones there in wagons to build the church, and the sun brought the materials in its own way, and built up alike the slender shaft that sustains the grass blade and the column of the pine. If the tree or the spire fell, it would require a certain amount of work of men or horses or engines to set it up again. So much actual work, at least, the sun did in the original building; and if we consider the number of trees in the forest, we see that this alone is something great. But besides this, the sun locked up in each tree a store of energy thousands of times greater than that which was spent in merely lifting the trunk from the ground as we may see by unlocking it again, when we burn the tree under the boiler of an engine; for it will develop a power equal to the lifting of thousands of its kind, if we choose to employ it in this way. This is so true, that the tree may fall, and turn to coal in the soil, and still keep this energy imprisoned in it, – keep it for millions of years, till the black lump under the furnace gives out, in the whirling spindles of the factory or the turning wheel of the steamboat, the energy gathered in the sunshine of the primeval world.”

“Now,” it may be asked, “have these things any connection with weather changes, and is it of any practical advantage to know if they have?”

“Would it be, it may be answered, of any practical interest to a merchant in bread-stuffs to have private information of a reliable character that crops the world over would be fine in 1888 and fail in 1894? The exclusive possession of such knowledge might plainly bring “wealth beyond the dreams of avarice” to the user; or, to ascend from the lower ground of personal interest to the higher aims of philanthropy and science, could we predict the harvests, we should be armed with a knowledge that might provide against coming years of famine, and make life distinctly happier and easier to hundreds of millions of toilers on the earth’s surface.”

Color Light and Radiant Energy

“When we see a rose-leaf, we see with it what we call a color, and we are apt to think it is in the rose. But the color is in us, for it is a sensation which something coming from the sun excites in the eye; so that if the rose-leaf were still there, there would be no color unless there were an eye to receive and a brain to interpret the sensation. Every color that is lovely in the rainbow or the flower, every hue that is vivid in a ribbon or sombre in the grave harmonies of some old Persian rug, the metallic luster of the humming bird or the sober imperial yellow of precious china, – all these have no existence as color apart from the seeing eye, and all have their fount and origin in the sun itself.

“Color” and “light,” then, are not, properly speaking, externa things, but names given to the sensations caused by an uncomprehended something, radiated from the sun, when this falls on our eyes. If this very same something falls on our face, it produces another kind of sensation, which we call “heat,” or if it falls on a thermometer it makes it rise; while if it rests long on the face it will produce yet another effect, “chemical action,” for it will tan the cheek, producing a chemical change there; or it will do the like work more promptly if it meet a photographic plate. If we bear in mind that it is the identically same thing (whatever that is) which produces all these diverse effects, we see, some of us perhaps for the first time, that “color,” “heat,” “radiant heat,” “actinism,” etc., are only names given to the diverse effects of some thing, not things themselves; so that, for instance, all the splendor of color in the visible world exists only in the eye that sees it. The reader must not suppose that he is here being asked to entertain any metaphysical subtlety. We are considering a fact almost universally accepted within the last few years by physicists, who now generally admit the existence of a something coming from the sun, which is not itself light, heat, or chemical action, but of which these are effects. When we give this unknown thing a name, we call it “radiant energy.”

How it crosses the void of space we cannot be properly said to know, but all the phenomena lead us to think it is in the form of motion in some medium, – somewhat (to use an imperfect analogy) like the transmission through the air of the vibrations which will cause sound when they reach an ear. This, at any rate, is certain, that there is an action of some sort incessantly going, on between us and the sun, which enables us to experience the effects of light and heat. We assume it to be a particular mode of vibration; but whatever it is, it is repeated with incomprehensible rapidity. Experiments recently made by the writer show that the slower heat vibrations which reach us from the sun succeed each other nearly 100,000,000,000,000 times in a single second, while those which make us see, have long been known to be more rapid still. These pass outward from the sun in every direction, in ever-widening spheres; and in them so far as we know, lies the potency of life for the planet upon whose surface they fall.”

Converting Radiant Energy to Food

Radiant Energy, Mechanical Energy & Chemical Energy

“The most active rays in building up plant-life are said to be the yellow and orange, though Nature’s fondness for green everywhere is probably justified by some special utility. At any rate, the action of these solar rays is to decompose the products of combustion, to set free the oxygen, and to fix the carbon in the plant. Perhaps these words do not convey a definite meaning to the reader, but it is to be hoped they will, for the statement they imply is wonderful enough. Swift’s philosopher at Laputa, who had a project for extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers, was wiser than his author knew; for cucumbers, like other vegetables, are now found to be really in large part put together by sunbeams, and sunbeams, or what is scarcely distinguishable from such, could with our present scientific knowledge be extracted from cucumbers again, only the process would be too expensive to pay. The sunbeam, however, does what our wisest chemistry cannot do: it takes the burned out ashes and makes them anew into green wood; it takes the close and breathed out air, and makes it sweet and fit to breathe by means of the plant, whose food is the same as our poison. With the aid of sunlight a lily would thrive on the deadly atmosphere of the “black hole of Calcutta; ” for this bane to us. we repeat, is vital air to the plant, which breathes it in through all its pores, bringing it into contact with the chlorophyl, its green blood, which is to it what the red blood is to us; doing almost everything, however, by means of the sun ray, for if this be lacking, the oxygen is no longer set free or the carbon retained, and the plant dies. This too brief statement must answer instead of a fuller description of how the sun’s energy builds up the vegetable world.

But the ox, the sheep, and the lamb feed on the vegetable, and we in turn on them (and on vegetables too); so that, though we might eat our own meals in darkness and still live,the meals themselves are provided literally at the sun’s expense, virtue having gone out of him to furnish each morsel we put in our mouths. But while he thus prepares the material for our own bodies, and while it is plain that without him we could not exist any more than the plant, the processes by which he acts grow more intricate and more obscure in our own higher organism, so that science as yet only half guesses how the sun makes us. But the making is done in some way by the sun, and so almost exclusively is every process of life.”

Sunlight and Man

“It is not generally understood, I think, how literally true this is of every object in the organic world. In a subsequent illustration we shall see a newspaper being printed by power directly and visibly derived from the sunbeam. But all the power derived from coal, and all the power derived from human muscles, comes originally from the sun, in just as literal a sense; for the paper on which the reader’s eye rests was not only made primarily from material grown by the sun, but was studied together by derived sun-power, and by this, also, each page was printed, so that the amount of this solar radiation expended for printing each chapter of this book could be stated with approximate accuracy in figures. To make even the reader’s hand which holds this page, or the eye which sees it, energy again went out from the sun; and in saying this I am to be understood in the plain and common meaning of the words.

Did the reader ever happen to be in a great cotton-mill, where many hundreds of operatives watched many thousands of spindles? Nothing is visible to cause the multiplied movement, the engine being perhaps away in altogether another building. Wandering from room to room, where everything is in motion derived from some unseen source, he may be arrested in his walk by a sudden cessation of the hum and bustle, – at once on the floor below, and on that above, and all around him. The simultaneousness of this stoppage at points far apart when the steam is turned off, strikes one with a sense of the intimate dependence of every complex process going on upon some remote invisible motor. The cessation is not, however, absolutely instantaneous; for the great flywheels in which a trifling part of the motor power is stored, makes one or two turns more, till the energy in this also is exhausted, and all is still. The coal-beds and the forests are to the sun what the fly-wheel is to the engine: all their power comes from him; they retain a little of it in store, but very little by comparison with the original; and were the change we have already spoken of to come over the sun’s circulation, – were the solar engine disconnected from us, – we could go on perhaps a short time at the cost of this store, but when this was over it would be over with us, and all would be still here too.”

Sunspots and Weather

“Is there not a special interest for us in that New Astronomy which considers these things, and studies the sun, not only in the heavens as a star, but in its workings here, and so largely in its relations to man?

Since, then, we are the children of the sun, and our bodies a product of its rays, as much as the ephemeral insects that its heat hatches from the soil, it is a worthy problem to learn how things earthly depend upon this material ruler of our days. But although we know it does nearly all things done on the earth, and have learned a little of the way it builds up the plant, we know so little of the way it does many other things here that we are still often only able to connect the terrestrial effect with the solar cause by noting, what events happen together. We are in this respect in the position of our forefathers, who had not yet learned the science of electricity, but who noted that when a flash of lightning came a clap of thunder followed, and concluded as justly as Franklin or Faraday could have done that there was a physical relation between them. Quite in this way, we who are in a like position with regard to the New Astronomy, which we hope will one day explain to us what is at present mysterious in our connection with the sun, can as yet often only infer that when certain phenomena there are followed or accompanied by others here, all are really connected as products of one cause, however dissimilar they may look, and however little we know what the real connection may be.”

History of Sunspots

“There is no more common inquiry than as to the influence of sun-spots on the weather; but as we do not yet know the real nature of the connection, if there be any, we can only try to find out by assembling independent records of sun-spots and of the weather here, and noticing if any changes in the one are accompanied by changes in the other; to see, for instance, if when sunspots are plenty the weather the world over is rainy or not, or to see if when an unusual disturbance breaks out in a sun-spot any terrestrial disturbance is simultaneously noted.”

Sunspots and Economic Life

“When we remember how our lives depend on a certain circulation in the sun, of which the spots appear to be special examples, it is of interest not only to study the forms within them, as we have already been doing here, but to ask whether the spots themselves are present as much one year as another. The sun sometimes has numerous spots on it, and sometimes none at all; but it does not seem to have occurred to any one to see whether they had any regular period for coming or going, till Schwabe, a magistrate in a little German town, who happened to have a small telescope and a good deal of leisure, began for his own amusement to note their number every day. He commenced in 1826, and with German patience observed daily for forty years. He first found that the spots grew more numerous in 1830, when there was no single day without one; then the number declined very rapidly, till in 1833 they were about gone; then they increased in number again till 1838, then again declined; and so on, till it became evident that sun-spots do not come and go by chance, but run through a cycle of growth and disappearance, on the average about once in every eleven years. While amusing himself with his telescope, an important sequence in Nature had thus been added to our knowledge by the obscure Hofrath Schwabe, who indeed compares himself to Saul, going, out to seek his father’s asses and finding a kingdom. Old records made before Schwabe’s time have since been hunted up, so that we have a fairly connected history of the sun’s surface for nearly a hundred and fifty years; and the years when spots will be plentiful or rare can now be often predicted from seeing what has been in the past. Thus I may venture to say that the spots, so frequent in 1885, will have probably nearly disappeared in 1888, and will be probably very plentiful in 1894. I do not know at all why this is likely to happen; I only know that it has repeatedly happened at corresponding periods in the past.”